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any and all sanyo products described or contained herein do not have specifications that can handle applications that require extremely high levels of reliability, such as life-support systems, aircraft? control systems, or other applications whose failure can be reasonably expected to result in serious physical and/or material damage. consult with your sanyo representative nearest you before using any sanyo products described or contained herein in such applications. sanyo assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all sanyo products described or contained herein. 83098ha (ot)/22896ha (ot) no. 5175-1/24 sanyo electric co.,ltd. semiconductor bussiness headquarters tokyo office tokyo bldg., 1-10, 1 chome, ueno, taito-ku, tokyo, 110-8534 japan overview the LC72135M is a pll frequency synthesizer lsi for tuners in car stereo and similar applications. high- performance am/fm tuners can be easily implemented with this product. functions high-speed programmable dividers fmin: 10 to 160 mhz ..........pulse swallower (built-in divide-by-two prescaler) amin: 2 to 40 mhz ..............pulse swallower 0.5 to 10 mhz ...........direct division if counter hctr 0.4 to 12 mhz ...........am/fm if counter lctr 100 to 500 k hz.........am if counter reference frequencies twelve selectable frequencies (4.5 or 7.2 mhz crystal) 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 15, 25, 50 and 100 khz phase comparator dead zone control unlock detection circuit deadlock clear circuit built-in mos transistor for forming an active low-pass filter i/o ports dedicated output ports: 4 input or output ports: 1 input ports (lctr) : 1 support clock time base output serial data i/o support ccb format communication with the system controller. operating ranges supply voltage........................4.5 to 5.5 v operating temperature............?0 to +85? package mfp20 package dimensions unit: mm 3036b-mfp20 sanyo: mfp20 [LC72135M] ccb is a trademark of sanyo electric co., ltd. ccb is sanyo? original bus format and all the bus addresses are controlled by sanyo. cmos lsi ordering number : en5175a LC72135M pll frequency synthesizer for electronic tuning
pin assignment no. 5175- 2 /24 LC72135M
block diagram no. 5175- 3 /24 LC72135M
specifications absolute maximum ratings at ta = 25 c, v ss = 0 v allowable operating ranges at ta = ?0 to +85 c, v ss = 0 v note: * recommended crystal oscillator ci values: ci 120 (for a 4.5 mhz crystal) ci 70 (for a 7.2 mhz crystal) crystal oscillator: hc-49/u (manufactured by kinseki, ltd.), cl = 12 pf c1 = c2 = 15 pf the circuit constants for the crystal oscillator circuit depend on the crystal used, the printed circuit board pattern, and other items. therefore we recommend consulting with the manufacturer of the crystal about evaluation and reliability. no. 5175- 4 /24 LC72135M parameter symbol pins ratings unit maximum supply voltage v dd max v dd ?.3 to +7.0 v v in 1 max ce, cl, di, ain ?.3 to +7.0 v maximum input voltage v in 2 max xin, fmin, amin, hctr, lctr/i1 ?.3 to v dd + 0.3 v v in 3 max io2 ?.3 to +15 v v o 1 max do ?.3 to +7.0 v maximum output voltage v o 2 max xout, pd ?.3 to v dd + 0.3 v v o 3 max bo1 to bo4, io2, aout ?.3 to +15 v i o 1 max bo1 0 to 3.0 ma maximum output current i o 2 max aout, do 0 to 6.0 ma i o 3 max bo2 to bo4, io2 0 to 10.0 ma allowable power dissipation pd max ta 85 c 180 mw operating temperature topr ?0 to +85 c storage temperature tstg ?5 to +125 c parameter symbol pins conditions min typ max unit supply voltage v dd v dd 4.5 5.5 v v ih 1 ce, cl, di 0.7 v dd 6.5 v input high-level voltage v ih 2 lctr/i1 0.7 v dd v dd v v ih 3 io2 0.7 v dd 13 v input low-level voltage v il ce, cl, di, io2 , lctr/i1 0 0.3 v dd v v o 1 do 0 +6.5 v output voltage v o 2 bo1 to bo4, io2, aout 0 +13 v f in 1 xin v in 1 1 8 mhz f in 2 fmin v in 2 10 160 mhz input frequency f in 3 amin v in 3, sns = 1 2 40 mhz f in 4 amin v in 4, sns = 0 0.5 10 mhz f in 5 hctr v in 5 0.4 12 mhz f in 6 lctr/i1 v in 6 100 500 khz v in 1 xin f in 1 400 1500 mvrms v in 2-1 fmin f = 10 to 130 mhz 40 1500 mvrms v in 2-2 fmin f = 130 to 160 mhz 70 1500 mvrms v in 3 amin f in 3, sns = 1 40 1500 mvrms input amplitude v in 4 amin f in 4, sns = 0 40 1500 mvrms v in 5-1 hctr f in 5, ifs = 1 40 1500 mvrms v in 5-2 hctr f in 5, ifs = 0 70 1500 mvrms v in 6-1 lctr/i1 f in 6, ifs = 1 40 1500 mvrms v in 6-2 lctr/i1 f in 6, ifs = 0 70 1500 mvrms supported crystals xtal xin, xout * 4.0 8.0 mhz
electrical characteristics for the allowable operating ranges at ta = ?0 to +85 c, v ss = 0 v no. 5175- 5 /24 LC72135M parameter symbol pins conditions min typ max unit rf1 xin 1.0 m built-in feedback resistance rf2 fmin 500 k rf3 amin 500 k rf4 hctr 250 k rf5 lctr/i1 250 k built-in pull-down resistor rpd1 fmin 200 k rpd2 amin 200 k hysteresis v his ce, cl, di, io2, lctr/i1 0.1 v dd v output high-level voltage v oh 1 pd i o = ? ma v dd ?1.0 v v ol 1 pd i o = 1 ma 1.0 v v ol 2 bo1 i o = 0.5 ma 0.5 v i o = 1 ma 1.0 v v ol 3 do i o = 1 ma 0.2 v output low-level voltage i o = 5 ma 1.0 v i o = 1 ma 0.2 v v ol 4 bo2 to bo4, io2 i o = 5 ma 1.0 v i o = 8 ma 1.6 v v ol 5 aout i o = 1 ma, ain = 1.3 v 0.5 v i ih 1 ce, cl, di v i = 6.5 v 5.0 v i ih 2 lctr/i1 v i = v dd, l/i1 = 0 5.0 a i ih 3 io2 v i = 13 v 5.0 a input high-level current i ih 4 xin v i = v dd 2.0 11 a i ih 5 fmin, amin v i = v dd 4.0 22 a i ih 6 hctr, lctr/i1 v i = v dd , l/i1 = 1 8.0 44 a i ih 7 ain v i = 6.5 v 200 na i il 1 ce, cl, di v i = 0 v 5.0 a i il 2 lctr/i1 v i = 0 v, l/i1 = 0 5.0 a input low-level current i il 3 io2 v i = 0 v 5.0 a i il 4 xin v i = 0 v 2.0 11 a i il 5 fmin, amin v i = 0 v 4.0 22 a i il 6 hctr, lctr/i1 v i = 0 v, l/i1 = 1 8.0 44 a i il 7 ain v i = 0 v 200 na i off 1 bo1 to bo4, aout, v o = 13 v 5.0 a output off leakage current io2 i off 2 do v o = 6.5 v 5.0 a high-level three-state i offh pd v o = v dd 0.01 200 na off leakage current low-level three-state i offl pd v o = 0 v 0.01 200 na off leakage current input capacitance c in fmin 6 pf xtal = 7.2 mhz, i dd 1 v dd f in 2 = 130 mhz, 5 10 ma v in 2 = 40 mvrms pll block stopped current drain i dd 2 v dd (pll inhibit), 0.5 ma xtal oscillator operating (xtal = 7.2 mhz) i dd 3 v dd pll block stopped 10 a xtal oscillator stopped
pin functions no. 5175- 6 /24 LC72135M symbol pin no. type functions circuit configuration xin xout fmin amin ce cl di do v dd 1 20 14 13 2 4 3 5 15 xtal osc local oscillator signal input local oscillator signal input chip enable clock data input data output power supply crystal resonator connection (4.5/7.2 mhz) fmin is selected when the serial data input dvs bit is set to 1. the input frequency range is from 10 to 160 mhz. the input signal passes through the internal divide-by- two prescaler and is input to the swallow counter. the divisor can be in the range 272 to 65535. however, since the signal has passed through the divide-by-two prescaler, the actual divisor is twice the set value. amin is selected when the serial data input dvs bit is set to 0. when the serial data input sns bit is set to 1: the input frequency range is 2 to 40 mhz. the signal is directly input to the swallow counter. the divisor can be in the range 272 to 65535, and the divisor used will be the value set. when the serial data input sns bit is set to 0: the input frequency range is 0.5 to 10 mhz. the signal is directly input to a 12-bit programmable divider. the divisor can be in the range 4 to 4095, and the divisor used will be the value set. set this pin high when inputting (di) or outputting (do) serial data. used as the synchronization clock when inputting (di) or outputting (do) serial data. inputs serial data transferred from the controller to the LC72135M. outputs serial data transferred from the LC72135M to the controller. the content of the output data is determined by the serial data doc0 to doc2. the LC72135M power supply pin (v dd = 4.5 to 5.5 v) the power on reset circuit operates when power is first applied. continued on next page.
continued from preceding page. no. 5157- 7 /24 LC72135M symbol pin no. type functions circuit configuration v ss bo1 bo2 bo3 bo4 io2 pd ain aout 19 6 7 8 9 12 16 17 18 ground output port i/o port charge pump output lpf amplifier transistor the LC72135M ground dedicated output pins the output states are determined by bo1 to bo4 bits in the serial data. data: 0 = open, 1 = low all output ports are set to the open state following a power-on reset. a time base signal (8 hz) can be output from the bo1 pin. (when the serial data tbc bit is set to 1.) care is required when using the bo1 pin, since it has a higher on impedance that the other output ports (pins bo2 to bo4). i/o dual-use pins the direction (input or output) is determined by bit ioc2 in the serial data. data: 0 = input port, 1 = output port when specified for use as input ports: the state of the input pin is transmitted to the controller over the do pin. input state: low = 0 data value high = 1 data value when specified for use as output ports: the output states are determined by the io2 bit in the serial data. data: 0 = open, 1 = low the pin function as input pin following a power-on reset. pll charge pump output when the frequency generated by dividing the local oscillator frequency by n is higher than the reference frequency, a high level is output from the pd pin. similarly, when that frequency is lower, a low level is output. the pd pin goes to the high-impedance state when the frequencies match. the n-channel mos transistor used for the pll active low-pass filter. continued on next page.
continued from preceding page. symbol pin no. type functions circuit configuration no. 5175- 8 /24 LC72135M lctr/i1 11 10 if counter if counter input port hctr is selected when the lcts bit in the serial data is set to 0. accepts an input in the frequency range 0.4 to 12 mhz. the input signal is directly transmitted to the if counter. the result is output starting the msb of the if counter using the do pin. four measurement periods are supported: 4, 8, 32, and 64 ms. lctr is selected when the lcts bit in the serial data is set to 1. (set the l/i1 bit in the serial data to 1 when using the if counter.) the input frequency range is 100 to 500 khz. the signal is directly transmitted to the if counter. the result, starting with the msb of the if counter, is output serially through the do pin. there are four measurement times: 4, 8, 32, and 64 ms. if the l/i1 bit in the serial data is set to 0, the lctr/i1 pin functions as an input port and the state of that input pin is transmitted to the controller from the do pin. when the input state is low, the data will be 0, and when the state is high, the data will be 1. hctr
serial data i/o methods the LC72135M inputs and outputs data using the sanyo ccb (computer control bus) audio lsi serial bus format. this lsi adopts an 8-bit address format ccb. no. 5127- 9 /24 LC72135M i/o mode address function b0 b1 b2 b3 a0 a1 a2 a3 2 3 in1 (82) in2 (92) out (a2) 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 control data input mode (serial data input) 24 data bits are input. see the ?i control data (serial data input) structure item for details on the meaning of the input data. control data input mode (serial data input) 24 data bits are input. see the ?i control data (serial data input) structure item for details on the meaning of the input data. data output mode (serial data output) the number of bits output is equal to the number of clock cycles. see the ?o output data (serial data output) structure item for details on the meaning of the output data. 1
1. di control data (serial data input) structure in1 mode in2 mode no. 5175- 10 /24 LC72135M
2. di control data functions no. 5175- 11 /24 LC72135M no. control block/data functions related data programmable divider data data that sets the programmable divider. p0 to p15 a binary value in which p15 is the msb. the lsb changes depending on dvs and sns. ( * : don? care) note: p0 to p3 are ignored when p4 is the lsb. dvs, sns selects the signal input pin (amin or fmin) for the programmable divider, switches the input frequency range. ( * : don? care) note: see the ?rogrammable divider?item for more information. reference divider data reference frequency (fref) selection data. r0 to r3 note: pll inhibit the programmable divider block and the if counter block are stopped, the fmin, amin, hctr and lctr pins are set to the pull-down state (ground), and the charge pump goes to the high impedance state. xs crystal resonator selection xs = 0: 4.5 mhz xs = 1: 7.2 mhz the 7.2 mhz frequency is selected after the power-on reset. if counter control data if counter measurement start data cte cte = 1: counter start cte = 0: counter reset gt0, gt1 determines the if counter measurement period. ifs note: see the ?f counter?item for more information. if counter selection data data that specifies the if counter input pin (and mode). lcts lcts = 0: hctr, lcts = 1: lctr l/i1 l/i1 = 0: i1 (input port), l/i1 = 1: lctr (am if counter) (1) (2) (3) dvs sns lsb divisor setting (n) actual divisor 1 * p0 272 to 65535 twice the value of the setting 0 1 p0 272 to 65535 the value of the setting 0 0 p4 4 to 4095 the value of the setting dvs sns input pin input frequency range 1 * fmin 10 to 160 mhz 0 1 amin 2 to 40 mhz 0 0 amin 0.5 to 10 mhz gt1 gt0 measurement time (ms) wait time (ms) 0 0 4 3 to 4 0 1 8 3 to 4 1 0 32 7 to 8 1 1 64 7 to 8 lcts l/i1 lctr/i1 pin hctr pin 0 0 i1 (input port) hctr 0 1 off (pulled down) (fm/am if counter) 1 0 i1 (input port) off (pulled down) 1 1 lctr (am if counter) r3 r2 r1 r0 reference frequency (khz) 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 1 50 0 0 1 0 25 0 0 1 1 25 0 1 0 0 12.5 0 1 0 1 6.25 0 1 1 0 3.125 0 1 1 1 3.125 1 0 0 0 10 1 0 0 1 9 1 0 1 0 5 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 1 15 1 1 1 0 pll inhibit + xtal osc stop 1 1 1 1 pll inhibit continued on next page.
continued from preceding page. no. 5175- 12 /24 LC72135M no. control block/data functions related data i/o port specification data specifies the i/o direction for the bidirectional pin io2. ioc2 data: 0 = input mode, 1 = output mode output port data data that determines the output from the bo1 to bo4, and io2 output ports bo1 to bo4, io2 data: 0 = open, 1 = low the data = 0 (open) state is selected after the power-on reset. do pin control data data that determines the do pin output doc0, doc1, doc2 the open state is selected after the power-on reset. note: 1. end-uc: check for if counter measurement completion ? . when end-uc is set and the if counter is started (i.e., when cte is changed from zero to one), the do pin automatically goes to the open state. when the if counter measurement completes, the do pin goes low to indicate the measurement completion state. ? depending on serial data i/o (ce: high) the do pin goes to the open state. 2. goes to the open state if the lctr/i1 pin is set to the am-if counter function (l/i1 = 1). 3. goes to the open state if the i/o pin is specified to be an output port. caution: the state of the do pin during a data input period (an in1 or in2 mode period with ce high) will be open, regardless of the state of the do control data (doc0 to doc2). also, the do pin during a data output period (an out mode period with ce high) will output the contents of the internal do serial data in synchronization with the cl pin signal, regardless of the state of the do control data (doc0 to doc2). unlock detection data selects the phase error (?) detection width for checking pll lock. ul0, ul1 a phase error in excess of the specified detection width is seen as an unlocked state. note: in the unlocked state the do pin goes low and the ul bit in the serial data becomes zero. phase comparator controls the phase comparator dead zone. control data dz0, dz1 dead zone widths: dza < dzb < dzc < dzd clock time base setting tbc to one causes an 8 hz, 40% duty clock time base signal to be output tbc from the bo1 pin. (bo1 data is invalid in this mode.) charge pump control data forcibly controls the charge pump output. dlc note: if deadlock occurs due to the vco control voltage (vtune) going to zero and the vco oscillator stopping, deadlock can be cleared by forcing the charge pump output to low and setting vtune to v cc . (this is the deadlock clearing circuit.) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ul0, ul1, cte, ioc2 doc0, doc1, doc2 bo1 ioc2 doc2 doc1 doc0 do pin state 0 0 0 open 0 0 1 low when the unlock state is detected 0 1 0 end-uc * 1 0 1 1 open 1 0 0 open 1 0 1 the lctr/i1 pin state * 2 1 1 0 the io2 pin state * 3 1 1 1 open ul1 ul0 ? detection width detector output 0 0 stopped open 0 1 0 ? is output directly 1 0 0.55 s ? is extended by 1 to 2 ms 1 1 1.11 s ? is extended by 1 to 2 ms dz1 dz0 dead zone mode 0 0 dza 0 1 dzb 1 0 dzc 1 1 dzd dlc charge pump output 0 normal operation 1 forced low continued on next page. (4) (5)
continued from preceding page. 3. do output data (serial data output) out mode 4. do output data no. 5175- 13 /24 LC72135M no. control block/data functions related data this data should be set to 1 during normal operation. if counter control data note that if this value is set to zero the system enters input sensitivity degradation mode, (11) ifs and the sensitivity is reduced to 10 to 30 mv rms. * see the ?f counter operation?item for details. lsi test data test0 (12) lsi test data test1 these values must all be set to 0. test 0 to 2 test2 these test data are set to 0 automatically after the power-on reset. (13) dnc don? care. this data must be set to 0. no. control block/data functions related data i/o port data latched from the pin states of the lctr/i1 input port (l/i1 bit is set to 0) i2, i1 and the io2 i/o port. these values follow the pin states regardless of the input or output setting. data is latched when the data output mode is entered. i1 ? lctr/i1 pin state high: 1 i2 ? io2 pin state low: 0 pll unlock data latched from the state of the unlock detection circuit. ul ul ? 0: unlocked ul ? 1: locked or detection stopped mode if counter binary data latched from the value of the if counter (20-bit binary counter). c19 to c0 c19 ? msb of the binary counter c0 ? lsb of the binary counter (1) (2) (3) l/i1 ioc2 ul0, ul1 cte, gt0, gt1
5. serial data input (in1/in2) t su , t hd , t el , t es , t eh 3 0.75 s, t lc 0.75 s 6. serial data output (out) t su , t hd , t el , t es , t eh 3 0.75 s, t dc , t dh 0.35 s* no. 5175- 14 /24 LC72135M
7. serial data timing no. 5175- 15 /24 LC72135M parameter symbol pins conditions min typ max unit data setup time t su di, cl 0.75 s data hold time t hd di, cl 0.75 s clock low-level time t cl cl 0.75 s clock high-level time t ch cl 0.75 s ce wait time t el ce, cl 0.75 s ce setup time t es ce, cl 0.75 s ce hold time t eh ce, cl 0.75 s data latch change time t lc 0.75 s t dc do, cl differs depending on the 0.35 s data output time value of the pull-up resistor and the printed circuit board t dh do, ce capacitances.
programmable divider structure note: * don? care. 1. programmable divider calculation examples fm, 50 khz steps (dvs = 1, sns = *, fmin selected) fm rf = 90.0 mhz (if = +10.7 mhz) fm vco = 100.7 mhz pll fref = 25 khz (r0 to r1 = 1, r2 to r3 = 0) 100.7 mhz (fm vco) ? 25 khz (fref) ? 2 (fmin: divide-by-two prescaler) = 2014 ? 07de (hex) sw, 5 khz steps (dvs = 0, sns = 1, amin high-speed side selected) sw rf = 21.75 mhz (if = +450 khz) sw vco = 22.20 mhz pll fref = 5 khz (r0 = r2 = 0, r1 = r3 = 1) 22.2 mhz (sw vco) ? 5 khz (fref) = 4440 ? 1158 (hex) mw, 10 khz steps (dvs = 0, sns = 0, amin low-speed side selected) mw rf = 1000 khz (if = +450 khz) mw vco = 1450 khz pll fref = 10 khz (r0 to r2 = 0, r3 = 1) 1450 khz (mw vco) ? 10 khz (fref) = 145 ? 091 (hex) no. 5175- 16 /24 LC72135M dvs sns input pin set divisor actual divisor: n input frequency range (mhz) a 1 * fmin 272 to 65535 twice the set value 10 to 160 b 0 1 amin 272 to 65535 the set value 2 to 40 c 0 0 amin 4 to 4095 the set value 0.5 to 10
if counter structure the LC72135M if counter is a 20-bit binary counter that accepts an if input from either the hctr pin (for fm or am if counting) or the lctr/i1 pin (for am if counting). the result of the count can be read out serially through the do pin starting with the msb. the if frequency (fc) is measured by determining how many pulses were input to an if counter in a specified measurement period, gt. fc = (c = fc gt) c: count value (number of pulses) 1. if counter frequency calculation examples when the measurement period (gt) is 32 ms, the count (c) is 53980 hexadecimal (342400 decimal): if frequency (fc) = 342400 ? 32 ms = 10.7 mhz when the measurement period (gt) is 8 ms, the count (c) is e10 hexadecimal (3600 decimal): if frequency (fc) = 3600 ? 8 ms = 450 khz c gt no. 5175- 17 /24 LC72135M gt1 gt0 measurement time measurement period (gt) (ms) wait time (t wu ) (ms) 0 0 4 3 to 4 0 1 8 3 to 4 1 0 32 7 to 8 1 1 64 7 to 8
2. if counter operation before starting the if count, the if counter must be reset in advance by setting cte in the serial data to 0. the if count is started by changing the cte bit in the serial data from 0 to 1. the serial data is latched by the LC72135M when the ce pin is dropped from high to low. the if signal must be supplied to the hctr and lctr pins in the period between the point the ce pin goes low and the end of the wait time at the latest. next, the value of the if counter at the end of the measurement period must be read out during the period that cte is 1. this is because the if counter is reset when cte is set to 0. note: when operating the if counter, the control microprocessor must first check the state of the if-ic sd (station detect) signal and only after determining that the sd signal is present turn on if buffer output and execute an if count operation. autosearch techniques that use only the if counter are not recommended, since it is possible for if buffer leakage output to cause incorrect stops at points where there is no station. note that the LC72135M input sensitivity can be controlled with the ifs bit in the serial data. reduced sensitivity mode (ifs = 0) must be selected when this ic is used in conjunction with an if-ic that does not provide an sd output and auto-search is implemented using only if counting. hctr minimum input sensitivity standard f (mhz) note: values in parentheses are actual performance values presented as reference data. no. 5175- 18 /24 LC72135M ifs 0.4 f < 0.5 0.5 f < 8 8 f 12 1: normal mode 40 mvrms 40 mvrms 40 mvrms (0.1 to 3 mvrms) (1 to 10 mvrms) 0: degradation mode 70 mvrms 70 mvrms 70 mvrms (10 to 15 mvrms) (30 to 40 mvrms)
unlock detection timing 1. unlock detection determination timing unlocked state detection is performed in the reference frequency (fref) period (interval). therefore, in principle, unlock determination requires a time longer than the period of the reference frequency. however, immediately after changing the divisor n (frequency) unlock detection must be performed after waiting at least two periods of the reference frequency. figure 1 unlocked state detection timing for example, if fref is 1 khz, i.e., the period is 1 ms, after changing the divisor n, the system must wait at least 2 ms before checking for the unlocked state. figure 2 circuit structure no. 5175- 19 /24 LC72135M
2. unlock detection software figure 3 3. unlocked state data output using serial data output in the LC72135M, once an unlocked state occurs, the unlocked state serial data (ul) will not be reset until a data input (or output) operation is performed. at the data output ? point in figure 3, although the vco frequency has stabilized (locked), since no data output has been performed since the divisor n was changed the unlocked state data remains in the unlocked state. as a result, even though the frequency has stabilized (locked), the system remains (from the standpoint of the data) in the unlocked state. therefore, the unlocked state data acquired at data output ? , which occurs immediately after the divisor n was changed, should be treated as a dummy data output and ignored. the second data output (data output ) and following outputs are valid data. locked state determination flowchart 4. directly outputting unlocked state data from the do pin (set by the do pin control data) since the locking state (high = locked, low = unlocked) is output directly from the do pin, the dummy data processing described in section 3 above is not required. after changing the divisor n, the locking state can be checked after waiting at least two reference frequency periods. no. 5175- 20 /24 LC72135M
clock time base usage notes the pull-up resistor used on the clock time base output pin (bo1) should be at least 100 k . this is to prevent degrading the vco c/n characteristics when a loop filter is formed using the built-in low-pass filter transistor. since the clock time base output pin and the low-pass filter have a common ground internal to the ic, it is necessary to minimize the time base output pin current fluctuations and to suppress their influence on the low-pass filter. also, to prevent chattering we recommend using a schmitt input at the controller (microprocessor) that receives this signal. other items 1. notes on the phase comparator dead zone since correction pulses are output from the charge pump even if the pll is locked when the charge pump is in the on/on state, the loop can easily become unstable. this point requires special care when designing application circuits. the following problems may occur in the on/on state. side band generation due to reference frequency leakage side band generation due to both the correction pulse envelope and low frequency leakage schemes in which a dead zone is present (off/off) have good loop stability, but have the problem that acquiring a high c/n ratio can be difficult. on the other hand, although it is easy to acquire a high c/n ratio with schemes in which there is no dead zone, it is difficult to achieve high loop stability. therefore, it can be effective to select dza or dzb, which have no dead zone, in applications which require an fm s/r ratio in excess of 90 to 100 db, or in which an increased am stereo pilot margin is desired. on the other hand, we recommend selecting dzc or dzd, which provide a dead zone, for applications which do not require such a high fm signal-to-noise ratio and in which either am stereo is not used or an adequate am stereo pilot margin can be achieved. no. 5175- 21 /24 LC72135M dz1 dz0 dead zone mode charge pump dead zone 0 0 dza on/on ?? s 0 1 dzb on/on ? s 1 0 dzc off/off +0 s 1 1 dzd off/off + +0 s
dead zone the phase comparator compares fp to a reference frequency (fr) as shown in figure 4. although the characteristics of this circuit (see figure 5) are such that the output voltage is proportional to the phase difference ?(line a), a region (the dead zone) in which it is not possible to compare small phase differences occurs in actual ics due to internal circuit delays and other factors (line b). a dead zone as small as possible is desirable for products that must provide a high s/n ratio. however, since a larger dead zone makes this circuit easier to use, a larger dead zone is appropriate for popularly- priced products. this is because it is possible for rf signals to leak from the mixer to the vco and modulate the vco in popularly-priced products in the presence of strong rf inputs. when the dead zone is narrow, the circuit outputs correction pulses and this output can further modulate the vco and generate beat frequencies with the rf signal. figure 4 figure 5 2. notes on the fmin, amin, hctr and lctr/i1 pins coupling capacitors must be placed as close as possible to their respective pins. a capacitance of about 100 pf is desirable. in particular, if a capacitance of 1000 pf or over is used for the hctr and lctr/i1 pins, the time to reach the bias level will increase and incorrect counting may occur due to the relationship with the wait time. 3. notes on if counting ? sd must be used in conjunction with the if counting time when using if counting, always implement if counting by having the microprocessor determine the presence of the if-ic sd (station detect) signal and turn on the if counter buffer only if the sd signal is present. schemes in which auto-searches are performed with only if counting are not recommended, since they can stop at points where there is no signal due to leakage output from the if counter buffer. 4. do pin usage techniques in addition to data output mode times, the do pin can also be used to check for if counter count completion and for unlock detection output. also, an input pin state can be output unchanged through the do pin and input to the controller. 5. power supply pins a capacitor of at least 2000 pf must be inserted between the power supply v dd and v ss pins for noise exclusion. this capacitor must be placed as close as possible to the v dd and v ss pins. 6. vco setup applications must be designed so that the vco (local oscillator) does not stop, even if the control voltage (vtune) goes to 0 v. if it is possible for the oscillator to stop, the application must use the control data (dlc) to temporarily force vtune to v cc to prevent deadlock from occurring. (deadlock clear circuit) no. 5175- 22 /24 LC72135M
no. 5175- 23 /24 LC72135M pin states after the power on reset application system example
ps no. 5175- 24 /24 LC72135M this catalog provides information as of august, 1998. specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. specifications of any and all sanyo products described or contained herein stipulate the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products in the independent state, and are not guarantees of the performance, characteristics, and functions of the described products as mounted in the customer? products or equipment. to verify symptoms and states that cannot be evaluated in an independent device, the customer should always evaluate and test devices mounted in the customer? products or equipment. sanyo electric co., ltd. strives to supply high-quality high-reliability products. however, any and all semiconductor products fail with some probability. it is possible that these probabilistic failures could give rise to accidents or events that could endanger human lives, that could give rise to smoke or fire, or that could cause damage to other property. when designing equipment, adopt safety measures so that these kinds of accidents or events cannot occur. such measures include but are not limited to protective circuits and error prevention circuits for safe design, redundant design, and structural design. in the event that any and all sanyo products described or contained herein fall under strategic products (including services) controlled under the foreign exchange and foreign trade control law of japan, such products must not be exported without obtaining export license from the ministry of international trade and industry in accordance with the above law. no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of sanyo electric co., ltd. any and all information described or contained herein are subject to change without notice due to product/technology improvement, etc. when designing equipment, refer to the ?elivery specification for the sanyo product that you intend to use. information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only; it is not guaranteed for volume production. sanyo believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties.

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